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He died on the Pitie-Salpetriere hospital in Paris following a protracted sickness, his spouse and youngsters mentioned on Bani-Sadr’s official web site.
Bani-Sadr had emerged from obscurity to grow to be Iran’s first president in February 1980 with the assistance of the Islamic clergy. However after an influence wrestle with radical clerics he fled the next 12 months to France, the place he spent the remainder of his life.
In asserting the loss of life, his household mentioned on his web site that Bani-Sadr had “defended freedom within the face of recent tyranny and oppression within the title of faith”.
The household would really like him to be buried in Versailles, the Paris suburb the place he lived throughout his exile, his longstanding assistant, Jamaledin Paknejad, instructed Reuters by phone.
In an interview with Reuters in 2019, the previous president mentioned that Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini had betrayed the ideas of the revolution after sweeping to energy in 1979, including this had left a “very bitter” style amongst a few of those that had returned with Khomeini to Tehran in triumph.
Bani-Sadr recalled in that interview how 40 years earlier in Paris, he had been satisfied that the non secular chief’s Islamic revolution would pave the best way for democracy and human rights after the rule of the Shah.
“We had been positive {that a} non secular chief was committing himself and that each one these ideas would occur for the primary time in our historical past,” he mentioned within the interview.
Bani-Sadr took workplace in February 1980 after successful election the earlier month with greater than 75% of votes.
However underneath the brand new Islamic Republic’s structure, Khomeini wielded the true energy – a scenario that has continued since Khomeini’s loss of life in 1989 underneath Ayatollah Ali Khamenei.
POWER STRUGGLE
Inside months of being elected, Bani-Sadr was locked in an influence wrestle with radical clerical factions whose powers he tried to curb by giving key jobs to liberal-minded laymen.
He used his election victory and recognition — due to his shut hyperlinks with Khomeini — to discredit his arch rivals within the Islamic Republican Occasion (IRP), a well-organised group led by hardline clergymen.
In his makes an attempt to kind a non-clerical cupboard, Bani-Sadr was additionally inspired by a never-fulfilled pledge from Khomeini that the clergy shouldn’t assume prime posts and as an alternative commit their time to giving steering and recommendation to the federal government.
Whereas having fun with the help of average clergymen, he mounted a nationwide marketing campaign in opposition to the IRP, travelling across the nation and giving speeches wherein he accused its leaders of attempting to revive the darkish days of the previous by way of lies, trickery, jail and torture.
The ability wrestle reached a vital level in March 1981, when Bani-Sadr ordered safety forces to arrest non secular hardliners attempting to disrupt a speech he was giving at Tehran College.
This prompted requires his dismissal and trial, as most of these on the rally had been supporters of the opposition Individuals’s Mujahedin, denounced by Khomeini as enemies of the revolution.
Khomeini, who had tried to remain out of the wrangling, then stepped into the more and more bitter infighting, banning political speeches and establishing a fee to settle disputes.
The fee accused Bani-Sadr of violating the structure and Khomeini’s orders by refusing to signal laws.
IMPEACHMENT
With Khomeini’s consent, parliament impeached and dismissed Bani-Sadr in June 1981, forcing him to go underground with the assistance of the Mujahedin.
One month later, he flew to Paris, the place he fashioned a loosely-knit alliance with the group to overthrow Khomeini.
The alliance collapsed in Might 1984 in a conflict of concepts between the then Mujahedin chief Massoud Rajavi and Bani-Sadr.
Regardless of disappointment and his lengthy exile, Bani-Sadr mentioned within the 2019 interview that he didn’t remorse having been a part of the revolution.
Bani-Sadr is survived by his spouse Azra Hosseini, daughters Firouzeh and Zahra, and son Ali.
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